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CALGARY — Prime Minister Mark Carney and Alberta Premier Danielle Smith have signed an agreement that commits them to working toward building an oil pipeline to the West Coast — and opens the door to changes to the coastal tanker ban.
At a signing ceremony in Calgary on Thursday, the two agreed that Ottawa would enable the export of oil through a deepsea port to Asian markets and “if necessary” adjust the tanker ban to make that happen.
The memorandum of understanding says Ottawa’s commitment is contingent on the pipeline being approved as a project of national interest, and on the project providing “opportunities for Indigenous co-ownership and shared economic benefits.”
“This is a really great day for Albertans,” Smith said ahead of the signing event.
“We have been working for some time on addressing the nine bad laws, as I like to call them, that have been impacting our investment climate here. I’m pleased that we’ve reached an agreement to substantially removing and revising those laws.”
Those “bad laws” Smith cites include the clean electricity regulations and the federal emissions cap — both of which Alberta will be exempt from under the memorandum of understanding with Ottawa.
“It’s a great day for Alberta and a great day for Canada,” Carney said.
“In effect, it created an energy transition, but really sets the stage for an industrial transformation. At the core of the agreement, of course, is a priority to have a pipeline to Asia. That’s going to make Canada stronger, more independent, more resilient, more sustainable.”
The memorandum of understanding says the plan is to build a pipeline to transport at least a million barrels a day. It says it would be built and financed by the private sector and would prioritize export access to Asia.
Government officials said no specific route for the pipeline has been mapped out yet. The memorandum of understanding says an application for a pipeline project will be submitted to the Major Projects Office by July 1. Smith previously committed to having it ready in the spring.
While no private sector company has stepped forward yet with an offer to build the pipeline, Smith said the agreement with Ottawa helps create the regulatory conditions to attract investment.
“I’m pretty confident with the people we have at the table that one, or a consortium of them, once we establish that it’s on the major projects list, will be willing to take this on,” Smith told reporters.
The agreement also opens the door to more pipelines, saying one “or more” would be built in addition to the planned Trans Mountain expansion.
In a news conference following the signing of the memorandum of understanding, Smith said the agreement will allow Canada to become a world leader in carbon capture and storage while opening a pathway to Asian markets, meaning Canada will be “no longer dependent” on the U.S. market alone for sales of “our most valuable resource.”
She said she spoke the previous evening with B.C. Premier David Eby and they did find common ground on support for expansion of the Trans Mountain pipeline and more LNG exports.
“We may not be in agreement on everything that is in this proposal, but we’re going to have trilateral talks to make sure we can move forward on the elements in this plan,” she said.
She said she hopes the deal will take the air out of Alberta’s separatist movement, adding that when Ottawa works with Alberta, trust follows.
Carney said several things have to happen before a pipeline can be built, starting with securing a private sector proponent.
“There needs to be full partnership, including equity ownership, substantial economic benefits with First Nations in Alberta, First Nations in British Columbia, as well as agreement and substantial economic benefits for the people of British Columbia,” he said. “We look at this as the start of a process.”
The announcement comes after a group of First Nations in B.C. said that a new pipeline to the Pacific coast will never be built, and after Eby said lifting the tanker ban would threaten projects already in development in the region and consensus among coastal First Nations.
Conservative Leader Pierre Poilievre said in a social media statement that the agreement doesn’t promise a pipeline will be built — only that a pipeline proposal will eventually be referred to a federal office for years of study.
“This is from a prime minister who promised during the election to move with ‘unimaginable speed,'” Poilievre said. “The prime minister needs to do only one thing to get the pipeline built: get out of the way.”
NDP member of Parliament Gord Johns told reporters Thursday that the agreement is “insulting” and “archaic.”
“This is not going to fly well in coastal British Columbia,” Johns said, arguing the Conservatives and Liberals are in a race to see who can build pipelines faster. “This is unacceptable, this is totally disgraceful and we’re going to fight it.
“This is not how you build trust and relationship with First Nations, with provinces.”
The memorandum of understanding between the federal and provincial governments pairs the pipeline project to the proposed Pathways Alliance carbon capture project and government officials say the two projects must be built in tandem.
The agreement says Ottawa and Alberta will with work with the Pathways Alliance partner companies — Canadian Natural Resources, Cenovus, ConocoPhillips Canada, Imperial and Suncor — to identify by April 1 new emissions-reduction projects to be rolled out starting in 2027.
The memorandum of understanding says Ottawa and Alberta will sign an agreement by April 1 to mandate a 75 per cent cut in methane emissions by 2035 compared to 2014 levels.
That’s a slight change from Ottawa’s most recent draft regulations — published two years ago — which called for a 75 per cent reduction by 2030 compared to 2012 levels. The latest federal budget committed to reinforced methane regulations.
Ottawa also has committed to suspending the clean electricity regulations, but only in Alberta.
The regulations, which are to come into effect in 2035, would set limits on emissions from power generation using fossil fuels. Alberta has long criticized the regulations, as its grid is predominantly powered by natural gas.
But the commitment to suspending the regulations in Alberta is contingent on the federal and provincial governments coming to a new carbon pricing agreement by April 1. Alberta has agreed to increase its industrial carbon price to at least $130 per tonne, though the date in which it comes into effect will be established in that agreement.
The carve-out on the clean electricity regulations is a significant win for Alberta, which is trying to attract investment for AI data centres but has struggled with meeting their electricity demands.
The agreement sets a goal of boosting Alberta’s electricity generation to meet the needs of AI data centres, while Alberta commits to drafting with Ottawa a nuclear generation strategy by January 2027.
During a technical briefing Thursday, government officials said while Alberta’s commitment to a $130 per tonne carbon price is a “minimum” standard for the province, there are no guarantees it will increase on pace with the federal backstop price — which is set to rise to $170 per tonne by 2030.
Officials said those details still need to be negotiated, though the agreement signed Thursday cites “affordability” as one of the objectives.
Speaking to reporters after the signing ceremony, Smith said the target of $170 per tonne by 2030 is too ambitious.
“We’ve demonstrated, and I think the prime minister agrees, that’s too high too fast,” she said. “We understand there was always going to be a negotiation around that. We’re just glad that we have the means to manage it our way in Alberta.”
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 27, 2025.
— Written by Nick Murray in Ottawa and Bill Graveland in Calgary
The Canadian Press
