US Rep. Wesley Bell wins a rematch in a Democratic primary against former U.S. Rep. Cori Bush

JEFFERSON CITY, Mo. (AP) — U.S. Rep. Wesley Bell won a rematch Tuesday in a Democratic primary against former U.S. Rep. Cori Bush, and Missouri voters rejected a pair of ballot measures that could have eliminated the income tax and made it harder to pass future citizen-led amendments.

Bell’s primary victory is likely to propel him to reelection in November in the heavily Democratic 1st Congressional District in St. Louis.

Bush had been a part of a progressive group of House members known as the Squad and had received support from democratic socialists, who traveled from across the country to help campaign for her.

The rematch was one of several consequential primaries. In western Missouri, Republicans picked state Sen. Rick Brattin to try to unseat Democratic Rep. Emanuel Cleaver in a dramatically reshaped district that is part of President Donald Trump’s attempt to retain a slim House majority in the midterms. Republicans already hold six of Missouri’s eight congressional seats and are hoping to pick up one more.

In northern Missouri, Republicans chose conservative talk radio host Chris Stigall as a potential successor to retiring Rep. Sam Graves, chair of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee.

Meanwhile, Missouri voters defeated a pair of unique ballot measures backed by the Republican-led Legislature. One would have required all citizen-initiated constitutional amendments to pass in each of Missouri’s eight congressional districts instead of by a simple statewide majority — a high standard used by no other state. The other would have directed lawmakers to repeal the state’s individual income tax while authorizing a state sales tax expansion.

St. Louis primary delivers second win for Bell

The contest between Bush and Bell tested how much the Democratic Party has shifted over the past two years. The answer was not too much — at least not in the St. Louis-based 1st Congressional District.

“We had Cori Bush before, and a lot of things went wrong,” said Sandra Milbrandt, 58, who voted for Bell. “Wesley Bell has been doing good. So why would we not keep him there?”

The deep-pocketed American Israel Public Affairs Committee, which lobbies for U.S. support of Israel, spent millions to help oust Bush in 2024 after she criticized Israel’s response in Gaza to the 2023 Hamas attack on Israel. Bell was again supported by AIPAC this year.

Nationally, public opinions of Israel have since shifted, particularly among Democrats. A recent survey by The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research found that about 58% of Democrats now say the U.S. is “too supportive” of Israelis, up from 45% in an AP-NORC poll from January 2024.

Bell said he focused his campaign on what he plans to do for St. Louis.

“When we think about all that noise that was going on, I have a tremendous group of folks, and we just got to work,” Bell said during his victory speech.

Bush and Bell both honed their leadership skills in Ferguson amid the racial unrest that followed the fatal shooting of Michael Brown by a police officer in 2014. Bell won election to the Ferguson City Council the next year, then defeated a seven-term St. Louis County prosecutor in the 2018 Democratic primary.

Bush, a protest leader, defeated longtime Rep. William Lacy Clay in the 2020 Democratic primary. She served two terms before being defeated by Bell.

Kansas City primary is part of GOP redistricting plan

Missouri was the second Republican state, after Texas, to respond to Trump’s call last year to redraw congressional districts to the GOP’s advantage ahead of the midterms. The revamped map stretches Cleaver’s previous Kansas City district eastward into rural central Missouri, giving the new 5th District a Republican tilt.

Cleaver was unopposed for the Democratic nomination. Brattin, a Marine veteran and founding member of the Missouri Freedom Caucus, a conservative faction that has challenged the legislature’s GOP leadership, won in a six-person Republican primary. Brattin had the backing of some of Missouri’s top Republicans, including Gov. Mike Kehoe, and received an endorsement from Trump on the evening before the election.

Brattin quickly turned his attention to Cleaver after Tuesday’s primary, casting Cleaver as a liberal who is out of touch with the “conservative area of our nation’s heartland” in the reshaped district.

Retirement creates an opening for a Republican-held seat

Graves, who has represented rural northern Missouri for a quarter century, set off a political scramble when he announced in late March that he wasn’t seeking reelection. He endorsed Stigall, who once worked for Graves.

Stigall’s victory in the five-person primary gives him an edge in the November election for the sprawling 6th Congressional District that includes rural northern Missouri and part of Kansas City.

Graves has represented the district for a quarter century and chairs the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee.

Failed ballot item sought to raise the bar for amendments

A constitutional amendment placed on the ballot by Republican state lawmakers would have made it harder for citizen-initiated amendments to win voter approval. The measure was put forward after voters narrowly passed several controversial citizen initiatives, including ones enshrining abortion rights into the state constitution, legalizing recreational marijuana, allowing sports betting and expanding Medicaid coverage to low-income adults.

None of those would have passed under the proposed requirement that citizen-initiated amendments win majority approval in every congressional district. Under Amendment 4, constitutional amendments proposed by the Legislature would have still needed just a statewide majority.

Voters reject proposal on whether to ax the income tax

Amendment 5 would have directed the Legislature to phase out the individual income tax as state revenue grows. To spur that along, it also would have allowed lawmakers to expand the sales tax to “any goods and services,” and given them five years to determine how to do that.

The Missouri measure marks the first time since the modern income tax began over a century ago that a U.S. state legislature has asked voters whether to eliminate the tax. Alaska is the only state so far to impose a general individual income tax and then repeal it, doing so in 1980 by a legislative vote.

Massachusetts voters rejected income tax eliminations in 2008 and 2002 that were initiated by citizens, not lawmakers.

Kehoe, who backed both defeated amendments, vowed to continue working for tax cuts and “election integrity” measures to protect the constitution.

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Associated Press reporter Nick Ingram contributed from St. Louis.

David A. Lieb, The Associated Press